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| NDJI - Civil Burden of Proof Requirements |
| Clear and Convincing Evidence | |
| Abandonment of Child Pritchett v. Executive Dir. of Social Serv. Bd., 325 NW2d 217 (ND 1982) |
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| Accountant - Lacking Moral Character for Licensure NDCC 43-02.2-04 |
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| Adverse Possession Burlington N. R.R. v. Hall, 322 NW2d 233, 241 (1982) |
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| Adverse Possession - Doctrine of Acquiescence Knutson v. Jensen, 440 NW2d 260 (ND 1989) |
|
| Agency Relationship Struksnes v. Kevin’s Plumbing & Heating, Inc., 1997 ND 245, 572 NW2d 815; Hector v. Metro Ctrs., Inc., 498 NW2d 113, 118 (ND 1993) |
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| Communicable Disease - Confinement Procedure NDCC 23-7.6-08 |
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| Communicable Disease - HIV Infection NDCC 23-07.4-01(4) (for compliance with previous order) |
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| Communicable Disease - HIV Infection - Emergency Public Health Procedures NDCC 23-07.4-02(3) |
|
| Communicable Disease - Tuberculosis NDCC 23-07.1-08 (providing for treatment and confinement) |
|
| Constructive Trust - Existence Black v. Pererson, 442 NW2d 426, 429 (ND 1989) |
|
| Contract - Reformation of Lease Mougey Farms v. Kaspari,1998 ND 118, 579 NW2d 583 |
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| Deed - As Mortgage Jasper v. Hazen, 58 NW 454 (ND 1894) |
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| Deed - Existence When Lost Nelson v. Christianson, 343 NW2d 375, 377 (ND 1984) |
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| Deed - Extention of Redemption Kenmare Hard Coal, Brick & Tile Co. v. Riley, 126 NW2d 241 (ND 1910) |
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| Deed - Negation of Recitals Wolf v. Schumacher, 477 NW2d 827, 830 (ND 1991) |
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| Deed - Rebuttable Presumption that Recording Shows Delivery and Acceptance Jorgenson v. Crow, 466 NW2d 120, 122 (ND 1991) |
|
| Domestic Violence & Custody NDCC 14-09-06.2(j) Berg v. Berg, 2000 ND 36, 606 NW2d 895 (strong presumption of no sole or joint custody for perpetrator of domestic violence) |
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| Domestic Violence & Visitation NDCC 14-05-22(3) (unsupervised visitation for perpetrator of domestic violence) |
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| Exemplary Damages NDCC 32-03.2-11(5) (recovering exemplary damages) |
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| Exemplary Damages NDCC 32-03.2-11(7) (negating defense) |
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| Exemplary Damages - Agent/Principal NDCC 32-03.2-11(8) |
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| Exemplary Damages - Limitation NDCC 19-02.1-26 |
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| Exemplary Damages - Motor Vehicle Accident NDCC 32-03.2-11(9) |
|
| Extradition NDCC 29-30.3-14, 29-30.3-20 |
|
| Fraud - Employer’s Statements Smith v. Land o’Lakes, Inc., 1998 ND 219, 587 NW2d 173 |
|
| Fraud - Never Presumed Albrecht v. Walter, 1997 ND 238, 572 NW2d 809; Fargo Foods, Inc., v. Bernabucci, 1999 ND 120, 596 NW2d 38 (1999) |
|
| Fraud - On the Court Sargeant County Bank v. Wentworth, 547 NW2d 753, 761 (ND 1966) |
|
| Fraud/Deceit - Contracting Kary v. Prudential Ins. Co., 541 NW2d 703, 705 (ND 1996) |
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| Gift In Re Kaspari’s Estate, 71 NW2d 558 (ND 1955) |
|
| Grantor - No Signature With Notary Klundt v. Pfeiffle, 41 NW2d 416 (ND 1950) |
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| Guardianship - Incapacitated Persons NDCC 30.1-28-04(2)(b); Matter of Guardianship of Braaten, 502 NW2d 512 (ND 1993) |
|
| Health Care - Failure to Prove Need for Treatment NDCC 25-03.1-19 |
|
| Health Care - Involuntary Treatment With Medication NDCC 25-03.1-18.1(3) In re JS, 528 NW2d 367, 368 (ND 1995) |
|
| Health Care - Psychosurgery, Sterilization, or Research NDCC 25-01.2-11(4) |
|
| Health Care Provider Agreements NDCC 23-17.5-07 (establishing that benefits outweigh reduced competition) |
|
| Homestead Rights - Abandonment Falconer v. Farmers Union Oil Co., 260 NW2d 1, 2 (ND 1977) |
|
| Implied Easement Griffeth v. Eid, 1998 ND 38, 573 NW2d 829 |
|
| Instrument of Conveyance As Mortgage Sorenson v. Olson, 235 NW2d 892, 895 (ND 1975) |
|
| Intestate Succession - Fact of Death NDCC 30.1-01-04(4) |
|
| Intestate Succession - Heir’s Survival for 120 Hours NDCC 30.1-04-04 |
|
| Judicial Conduct - Discipline In re Cieminski, 382 NW2d 649 (ND 1978) |
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| Juvenile Needing Treatment or Rehabilitation NDCC 27-20-29 |
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| Mediation - Requiring NDCC 25-03.1-18.1 |
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| Mental Health Treatment Hearing NDCC 25-03.1-19 |
|
| Motor Vehicle Illegally Parked - Presumptive Ownership NDCC 39-10-50(5) |
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| Multiparty Account Owner - Contribution NDCC 30.1-31-05, 30.1-31-08 |
|
| Nonprobate Transfers NDCC 30.1-31-08(2) (proportion of accounts for multiple owners) |
|
| Parental Rights - Alternatives to Termination NDCC 27-20-44(2) (disposition of deprived child) |
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| Parental Rights - Termination NDCC 27-20-44(1)(b) In re JLD, 539 NW2d 73, 75 (ND 1995 |
|
| Parole Gifts Established after Death of Donor Linvig v. Linvig, 385 NW2d 466, 469 (ND 1986) |
|
| Paternity - Rebutting Presumption NDCC 14-17-04(2) In re KEN, 513 NW2d 892, 897 (ND 1994) |
|
| Personal Liability of Employees of Political Subdivision NDCC 32-12.1-04(3) (acting outside scope of employment or in reckless, grossly negligent, willful, or wanton manner) |
|
| Personal Liability of State Employees NDCC 32-12.2-03(3) (acting outside the scope of employment) |
|
| Products Liability - Rebuttal of Presumption That Product is Free From Defect NDCC 28-01.4-02(3) (when misrepresentation, illegal payments, fraud, or concealed evidence) |
|
| Products Liability - Useful Safe Life of Aviation Product NDCC 28-01.4-04(2) |
|
| Survival - Effect of Governing Instrument NDCC 30.1-09.1-02(4)(b) (when 120 hours not required) |
|
| Survival - Exceptions to Survival Rule NDCC 30.1-09.1-02(4)(c)--(d) (when nonvested property or power of appointment would fail) |
|
| Survival - Presumptive Precedent NDCC 30.1-09.1-02(1)--(3) |
|
| Teacher Employment NDCC 15-27.6-13 (“First Preference” defined - entitlement to employment) |
|
| Terminate Parental Rights NDCC 27-20-44; Santosky v. Kramer, 455 US 745, 102 SCt 1388, 455 LEd2 599 (1982) |
|
| Uniform Interstate Family Support Act NDCC 14-12.2 32(2) - (c) (issuing temporary order) |
|
| Will - Rebut Presumption of Presumably Valid Will In re Estate of Stanton, 472 NW2d 741 (ND 1991) |
|
| Will - Revocation of Prior Will NDCC 30.1-08-07(3) (when complete disposition of property) |
|
| Will - Revocation of Validly Executed Will In re Estate of Papineau, 396 NW2d 735, 738 (ND 1986) |
|
| Will - Supplement to Will NDCC 30.1-08-07(4) (when incomplete disposition of property) |
|
| Workers’ Compensation - Impairment if not Listed NDCC 65-01-02, 65-01-12 |
|
| Workers’ Compensation - Lump Sum Best NDCC 65-05-25 |
|
| Preponderance of the Evidence | |
| Act of God Defense Lang v. Wonnenberg 455 NW2d 832, 836 (ND 1990) (flooding of land) |
|
| Administrative Decisions - Appellate Review NDCC 28-32-19(5) |
|
| Affirmative Defense NDCC 12.1-01-03(3) |
|
| Attempt NDCC 12.1-06-01(3) |
|
| Child Support NDCC 14-09-09.7(3)(rebutting guideline amount) |
|
| Civil Matters - In General In re Estate of Otto, 494 NW2d 169, 173 (ND 1992)In re Estate of Otto, 494 NW2d 169, 173 (ND 1992) |
|
| Competency to Stand Trail State v. Heger, 326 NW2d 855 (ND 1982) |
|
| Confession with Voluntary Waiver of Miranda Colorado v. Connelly, 479 US 157, 107 SCt 515, 93 LEd2 473 (1986) |
|
| Consent to Search United States v. Matlock, 415 US 164, 94 SCt 988, 39 LEd2 242 (1974) |
|
| Consumer Fraud & False Advertising State ex rel. Spaeth v. Eddy Furniture, 386 NW2d 901, 903 (ND 1986); NDCC ch. 51-12, ch. 51-15 |
|
| Contract - Employment Phillips v. Dickinson Management, Inc., 1998 ND 123, 580 NW2d 148 (proving that contract was for a specified time) |
|
| Contract - Offer and Acceptance Grove v. Charbonneau Buick-Pontiac, Inc., 240 NW2d 853, 856-57 (ND 1976) (offer accepted by substantial performance) |
|
| Contract - Oral In re Estate of Hill, 492 NW2d 288, 293 (ND 1992) |
|
| Convict Noncriminal Game & Fish NDCC 20.1-01-29 |
|
| Crime/Victim Reparations Requirements NDCC 54-23.4-02 |
|
| Defendant Fitness (or Communication of Counsel) NDCC 12.1-04-08 |
|
| Disclosure of HIV Testing NDCC 23-07.5-07 |
|
| Disposition (Insanity) Defendant Burden NDCC 12.1-04.1-01 |
|
| Domestic Violence Protection Order - Need Sandbeck v. Rockwell, 524 NW2d 846 (ND 1994) |
|
| Elements of Co-Conspirator State v. Lind v. Carroll, 322 NW 2d 826 (ND 1982) |
|
| Employment Discrimination Zimmerman v. Minot Pub. Sch. Dist. No. 1,1998 ND 14, 574 NW2d 797; Schumacher v. ND Hosp. Ass’n, 528 NW2d 374, 378 (ND 1995) (standard applying to initial burden of Plaintiff’s prima facie case and to Defendant’s showing that action was motivated by at least one legitimate, nondiscriminatory reason) |
|
| Entrapment NDCC 12.1-05-11 |
|
| Exemplary Damages - Amending Pleadings NDCC 32-03.2-11 (1) (when oppression, fraud, or actual malice found) |
|
| Forfeiture NDCC 19-03.1-36.2 (property), 19-03.1-36.7 (establishing that interest or security interest was established at time of seizure) |
|
| Fraud or Fraudulent Concealment of Claim - Tolls Statute of Limitations NDCC 28-01-24 |
|
| Game & Fish Violations NDCC 20.1-01-29(3) (noncriminal) |
|
| Inevitable Discovery Nix v. Williams, 467 US 431, 104 SCt 2501, 81 LEd2 377 (1984) |
|
| Intestate Succession NDCC 30.1-10-03(7) (absent conviction, finding individual criminally accountable for killing the decedent) |
|
| Legal Malpractice Bye v. Mack, 519 NW2d 302, 305 (ND 1994) (proving that attorney was negligent and that negligence was proximate cause of damages) |
|
| Modification (Insanity) Defendant Burden NDCC 12.1-04.1-24-25 |
|
| Motor Vehicle Chop Shops NDCC 39-30-05(1) (violation or threat of violation) |
|
| Motor Vehicle Fuel Tax NDCC 57-43.1-17.1 (challenge to assessment) |
|
| Personal Confidence (Trustee) NDCC 59-01-08 |
|
| Products Liability Bismarck Baptist Church v. Wiedemann Indus., Inc., 201 NW2d 434, 440 (ND 1972) (applying negligence standard) |
|
| Products Liability - Aviation NDCC 28-01.4-03 (presumption of state-of-the-art product) |
|
| Products Liability - Implied Warranty Northwestern Equip., Inc. v. Cudmore, 312 NW2d 347, 352 (ND 1981) |
|
| Products Liability - Strict Liability Morrison v. Grand Forks Housing Auth., 436 NW2d 221, 226 n.8 (ND 1989) (applying standard to proof of defective design or manufacture, unreasonably dangerous nature, existence of defect when product left manufacturer, lack of change in condition, and causation) |
|
| Racketeering (Civil) NDCC 12.1-06.1-05 |
|
| Relationship of Confidence - Establishing Black v. Peterson, 442 NW2d 426, 429 (ND 1989) |
|
| Revoke Probation NDRCrimP 32(f) |
|
| Special Fuels Tax NDCC 57-43.2-16 (challenge to assessment) |
|
| Theft Special Class NDCC 12.1-23-05 |
|
| Traffic Violations - Commercial Driver’s License Suspension NDCC 39-06.2-10.6 |
|
| Traffic Violations - Driver’s License Suspension NDCC 39-06-32, 39-20-05 |
|
| Traffic ViolationsNDCC 39-06.1-03(6) NDCC 39-06.1-03(6) |
|
| Visitation - Denial Johnson v. Schlotman, 502 NW2d 831 (ND 1992) |
|
| Waiver of Miranda Rights State v. Newnam, 409 NW2d 79 (ND 1987) |
|
| Warrant Obtained by Perjury State v. Rydberg, 519 NW 2d 306 (ND 1994) |
|
| Will - Testamentary Capacity In re Estate of Wagner, 551 NW2d 292, 295 (ND 1996) |
|
| Will - Undue Influence In re Estate of Otto, 494 NW2d 169, 173 (ND 1992) (relating to execution) |
|
| Workers’ Compensation - Reapplication for Disability Benefits NDCC 65-05-08 (proof rather than preponderance of the evidence now required for reapplication) |
|
| Workers’ Compensation - Rebuttable Presumption of Retirement NDCC 65-05-09.3 |
|
| Workers’ Compensation Entitlement NDCC 65-01-11 |
|
| Two Burdens of Proof | |
| Delinquency & Unruliness NDCC 27-20-29(2) - (3) Huff v. KP, 302 NW2d 779, 784 (ND 1981) |
|
| Cancellation of a Certificate of Public Advantage NDCC 23-17.5-08 |
